白细胞介素-1(IL1)细胞因子家族包含11个成员,即白细胞介素-1α(IL1A),白细胞介素-1β(IL1B),白细胞介素-1受体拮抗剂蛋白(IL1RN,IL1A),白细胞介素-18(IL18),白细胞介素-33(IL33),白细胞介素-36受体拮抗剂蛋白(IL36RN,IL36RA),白细胞介素-36α(IL36A),白细胞介素-36β(IL36B),白细胞介素-66γ(IL36G),白细胞介素-37(IL37)和白细胞介素-38(IL38)。编码除IL18和IL33之外的所有基因在染色体2.它们共用普通的C末端三维结构并且除了il1r,它们被合成而没有疏水的前导序列,并且不通过经典网状内质 - 戈尔基途径分泌。IL1B和IL18被制备为生物惰性灭活的肽,其被切割以产生成熟,活性白细胞介素肽。IL1受体(IL1R)家族包含10个成员:白细胞介素-1受体1(IL1R1,IL1),白细胞介素-1受体2(IL1R2,IL1RB),白细胞介素-1受体辅助蛋白(IL1RAP,IL1RACP,IL1R3),白细胞介素-18受体1(IL18R1,IL18RA),白细胞介素-18受体辅助蛋白(IL18RAP,IL18RB),白细胞介素-1受体样1(IL1R1,ST2,IL33R),白细胞介素-1受体样2(IL1RL2,IL36R),单Ig Ig-1相关受体(Sig roly,TiR8),白细胞介素-1受体辅助蛋白样1(IL1PL1,Tiggir2)和X键合白细胞介素-1受体辅助蛋白样2(IL1Prapl2,Tiggir1)。编码这些受体的大多数基因在染色体2. IL1家族受体对细胞因子结合的异二聚体。IL1,IL33和IL36分别结合特异性受体,IL1,IL11和IL1RL2。所有使用IL1RAP作为共同受体。 IL18 binds IL18R1 and uses IL18RAP as co-receptor. The complexes formed by IL1 family cytokines and their heterodimeric receptors recruit intracellular signaling molecules, including Myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 (MYD88), members of he IL1R-associated kinase (IRAK) family, and TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), activating Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B (NFκB), as well as Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (MAPK14, p38), c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs), extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) and other Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs).