人类S100A1事件是由小鼠数据推断的。

S100A1是EF-hand家族的Ca(2+)敏感蛋白。S100A1主要在心肌细胞中表达，它调节Ca(2+)依赖的信号事件(Wright NT et al. 2005;Cannon BR et al. 2011;brinkks H et al. 2011;Yu J et al. 2015;Rohde D等人2014;Ritterhoff J & Most P 2012)。在心肌细胞缺血/缺氧损伤时，S100A1通过细胞膜上的开放通道释放或转移到细胞外区域(Rohde D et al. 2014)。细胞外的S100A1激活信号并促进细胞存活途径，包括通过toll样受体4 (TLR4)介导的炎症反应(Brinks H et al. 2011;Yu J et al. 2015; Rohde D et al. 2014). In rodent H9C2 cells S100A1 was found to regulate the inflammatory response and oxidative stress via TLR4/ROS/NFkappaB pathway ( Yu J et al. 2015).