Steroid hormones receptors (SHRs) are intracellular transcription factors that can be activated by binding specific ligands (i.e., steroid hormones (SH)) to the ligand-binding domain (LBD) (Ray DW et AL. 1999; Pike AC et al. 1999; Bledsoe RK et al. 2002; Li Y et al. 2005; Kumar R and McEwan IJ 2012; Kumar R et al. 2011; Williams SP & Sigler PB 1998; Tanenbaum DM et al. 1998; Lusher SJ et al. 2012). LBD (E-region) resides in the C-terminal half of the receptor and in addition to ligand binding function contains a transcriptional activation function (AF2), sequences for dimerization, heat shock protein association, intermolecular silencing and intramolecular repression (Kumar R and McEwan IJ 2012). The binding of hormone acts as an allosteric switch to regulate SHR-DNA and SHR-protein interactions, including interdomain interactions and/or dimerization (Kumar R and McEwan IJ 2012).

SHS由胆固醇中的肾上腺皮质（糖皮质激素，Mineralocorcoids和肾上腺雄激素）合成，睾丸（睾丸和雌激素，雌激素）和卵巢和胎儿（雌激素和孕激素或孕激素）（Payne Ah和Hales DB 2004; HU J等等。2010;）。SHS通过血液到达靶细胞，它们与特定载体蛋白结合（Grishkovskaya I等，2000; Hammond GL 2016）。SHS从载体蛋白脱离，因为它们的亲脂性本质可以通过细胞的质膜易扩散（oren i等，2004）。在靶细胞内，SHS与类固醇激素受体（SHR）结合，其存在于与热休克蛋白HSP90和共伴侣（例如，Immunophilins P23）中存在于杂蛋白中（例如，Immunophilins P23）（Echeverria PC和Picard D 2010）。HSP90和伴侣介导的构象变化的ATP键合形式的组合变化需要在配体结合主管状态（MCLaughlin Sh等人，2002; Pratt WB等，2008; Krukenberg Ka等，2011）。