The inference is based on the homology mapping from PANTHER. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation.

More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on PANTHER see also: http://www.pantherdb.org/about.jsp LEFT-TO-RIGHT 4.2.1.1 碳酸anhydrase hydrates carbon dioxide (cytosol) This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species.

The inference is based on the homology mapping from PANTHER. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation.

More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on PANTHER see also: http://www.pantherdb.org/about.jsp CO2 carbon dioxide 再保险actome DB_ID: 113528 cytosol GENE ONTOLOGY GO:0005829 carbon dioxide [ChEBI:16526] carbon dioxide ChEBI CHEBI:16526 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 113528 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=113528 再保险actome R-ALL-113528 3 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-ALL-113528.3 再保险actome //www.joaskin.com COMPOUND C00011 additional information MI MI:0361 H2O water 再保险actome DB_ID: 29356 water [ChEBI:15377] water ChEBI CHEBI:15377 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 29356 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=29356 再保险actome R-ALL-29356 5 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-ALL-29356.5 COMPOUND C00001 HCO3- bicarbonate hydrogencarbonate acid carbonate 再保险actome DB_ID: 111627 hydrogencarbonate [ChEBI:17544] hydrogencarbonate ChEBI CHEBI:17544 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 111627 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=111627 再保险actome R-ALL-111627 3 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-ALL-111627.3 COMPOUND C00288 H+ proton hydron 再保险actome DB_ID: 70106 hydron [ChEBI:15378] hydron ChEBI CHEBI:15378 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 70106 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=70106 再保险actome R-ALL-70106 4 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-ALL-70106.4 COMPOUND C00080 ACTIVATION Converted from EntitySet in Reactome CA1,2,3,7,13:Zinc Cytosolic Carbonic Anhydrase 再保险actome DB_ID: 9782063 CA1:Zn2+ 再保险actome DB_ID: 9782037 Zn2+ Zn++ zinc(2+) Zinc ion Zn(II) 再保险actome DB_ID: 29426 zinc(2+) [ChEBI:29105] zinc(2+) ChEBI CHEBI:29105 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 29426 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=29426 再保险actome R-ALL-29426 3 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-ALL-29426.3 COMPOUND C00038 1 Ca1 CA1 P13634 再保险actome DB_ID: 9782035 UniProt:P13634 Ca1 Mus musculus NCBI分类法 10090 UniProt P13634 2 EQUAL 261 EQUAL 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782035 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782035 再保险actome R-MMU-1237027 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1237027.1 1 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782037 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782037 再保险actome R-MMU-1237322 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1237322.1 CA2:Zn2+ 再保险actome DB_ID: 9782043 1 Ca2 CA2 P00920 再保险actome DB_ID: 9782041 UniProt:P00920 Ca2 UniProt P00920 2 EQUAL 260 EQUAL 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782041 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782041 再保险actome R-MMU-1237012 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1237012.1 1 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782043 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782043 再保险actome R-MMU-1237310 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1237310.1 CA3:Zinc 再保险actome DB_ID: 9782049 Ca3 CA3 P16015 再保险actome DB_ID: 9782047 UniProt:P16015 Ca3 UniProt P16015 2 EQUAL 260 EQUAL 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782047 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782047 再保险actome R-MMU-1237014 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1237014.1 1 1 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782049 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782049 再保险actome R-MMU-1237315 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1237315.1 CA7:Zinc 再保险actome DB_ID: 9782055 Ca7 CA7 Q9ERQ8 再保险actome DB_ID: 9782053 UniProt:Q9ERQ8 Ca7 UniProt Q9ERQ8 1 EQUAL 264 EQUAL 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782053 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782053 再保险actome R-MMU-1237021 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1237021.1 1 1 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782055 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782055 再保险actome R-MMU-1237309 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1237309.1 CA13:Zinc 再保险actome DB_ID: 9782061 1 Ca13 CA13 Q9D6N1 再保险actome DB_ID: 9782059 UniProt:Q9D6N1 Ca13 UniProt Q9D6N1 1 EQUAL 262 EQUAL 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782059 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782059 再保险actome R-MMU-1237020 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1237020.1 1 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782061 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782061 再保险actome R-MMU-1237321 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1237321.1 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782063 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782063 再保险actome R-MMU-1475034 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1475034.1 GENE ONTOLOGY GO:0004089 gene ontology term for cellular function MI MI:0355 Same Catalyst Activity 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782064 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782064 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782070 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782070 再保险actome R-MMU-1475026 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1475026.1 碳酸anhydrase I (CA1, Khalifah 1971, Simonsson et al. 1982, Ren and Lindskog 1992), carbonic anyhydrase II (CA2, Tibell et al. 1984, Jones and Shaw 1983, Pesando 1975, Ghannam et al. 1986), carbonic anhydrase III (CA3, Carter et al. 1979, Tu et al. 1990, Tu et al. 1994, Tu et al. 1998, Silverman et al. 1993), carbonic anhydrase VII (CA7, Bootorabi et al. 2010, Gitto et al. 2010) hydrate carbon dioxide to yield bicarbonate and a proton. Carbonic anhydrase deprotonates water to yield a zinc-hydroxyl group and a proton which is transferred to external buffer molecules via histidine or glutamate residues in carbonic anhydrase. The hydroxyl group reacts with carbon dioxide in the active site to yield bicarbonate. A water molecule displaces the bicarbonate and the reaction cycle begins again (reviewed in Lindskog 1997). Depending on the concentrations of reactants the reaction is reversible.
CA2 and CA7 have high catalytic activity, CA1 has low activity (10% of the activity of CA2), and CA3 has very low activity (1% of the activity of CA2). CA1 and CA2 are found in erythrocytes. CA2 is also found in kidney, lung, and white muscle where it facilitates diffusion of carbon dioxide. CA3 is found in red muscle where it participates in resistance against oxidative stress. 20578724 Pubmed 2010 Structural and kinetic study of the extended active site for proton transfer in human carbonic anhydrase II Domsic, JF Williams, W Fisher, SZ Tu, C Agbandje-McKenna, M Silverman, DN McKenna, R Biochemistry 49:6394-9 6407977 Pubmed 1983 A chemical and enzymological comparison of the common major human erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase II, its minor component, and a new genetic variant, CA II Melbourne (237 Pro leads to His) Jones, GL Shaw, DC Hum Genet 63:392-9 120192 Pubmed 1979 Characterization of human carbonic anhydrase III from skeletal muscle Carter, N Jeffery, S Shiels, A Edwards, Y Tipler, T Hopkinson, DA Biochem Genet 17:837-54 1554744 Pubmed 1992 Buffer dependence of CO2 hydration catalyzed by human carbonic anhydrase I 再保险n, X Lindskog, S Biochim Biophys Acta 1120:81-6 8399223 Pubmed 1993 Rate-equilibria relationships in intramolecular proton transfer in human carbonic anhydrase III Silverman, DN Tu, C Chen, X Tanhauser, SM Kresge, AJ Laipis, PJ Biochemistry 32:10757-62 8083199 Pubmed 1994 Interactions of active-site residues and catalytic activity of human carbonic anhydrase III Tu, C Chen, X 再保险n, X LoGrasso, PV Jewell, DA Laipis, PJ Silverman, DN J Biol Chem 269:23002-6 20493921 Pubmed 2010 Analysis of a shortened form of human carbonic anhydrase VII expressed in vitro compared to the full-length enzyme Bootorabi, F Jänis, J Smith, E Waheed, A Kukkurainen, S Hytönen, V Valjakka, J Supuran, CT Vullo, D Sly, William S Parkkila, S Biochimie 92:1072-80 3080418 Pubmed 1986 Activation parameters for the carbonic anhydrase II-catalyzed hydration of CO2 Ghannam, AF Tsen, W Rowlett, RS J Biol Chem 261:1164-9 9635771 Pubmed 1998 Properties of intramolecular proton transfer in carbonic anhydrase III Tu, C Qian, M Earnhardt, JN Laipis, PJ Silverman, DN Biophys J 74:3182-9 9336012 Pubmed 1997 Structure and mechanism of carbonic anhydrase Lindskog, S Pharmacol Ther 74:1-20 4994926 Pubmed 1971 The carbon dioxide hydration activity of carbonic anhydrase. I. Stop-flow kinetic studies on the native human isoenzymes B and C 哈里发,RG J Biol Chem 246:2561-73 2169869 Pubmed 1990 Buffer enhancement of proton transfer in catalysis by human carbonic anhydrase III Tu, CK Paranawithana, SR Jewell, DA Tanhauser, SM LoGrasso, PV Wynns, GC Laipis, PJ Silverman, DN Biochemistry 29:6400-5 6433979 Pubmed 1984 Anion inhibition of CO2 hydration catalyzed by human carbonic anhydrase II. Mechanistic implications Tibell, L Forsman, C Simonsson, I Lindskog, S Biochim Biophys Acta 789:302-10 234739 Pubmed 1975 Proton magnetic resonance studies of carbonic anhydrase. II. Group controlling catalytic activity Pesando, JM Biochemistry 14:681-8 17427958 Pubmed 2007 Structural and kinetic analysis of proton shuttle residues in the active site of human carbonic anhydrase III Elder, I Fisher, Z Laipis, PJ Tu, C McKenna, R Silverman, DN Proteins 68:337-43 21282642 Pubmed 2011 Intramolecular proton shuttle supports not only catalytic but also noncatalytic function of carbonic anhydrase II Becker, HM Klier, M Schüler, C McKenna, R Deitmer, JW Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 108:3071-6 6819139 Pubmed 1982 A 13C nuclear magnetic resonance study of CO2/HCO-3 exchange catalyzed by human carbonic anhydrase I Simonsson, I Jonsson, BH Lindskog, S Eur J Biochem 129:165-9 20349499 Pubmed 2010 Identification of potent and selective human carbonic anhydrase VII (hCA VII) inhibitors Gitto, R Agnello, S Ferro, S Vullo, D Supuran, CT Chimirri, A ChemMedChem 5:823-6 22001224 Pubmed 2011 Structure and catalysis by carbonic anhydrase II: role of active-site tryptophan 5 Mikulski, R Domsic, JF Ling, G Tu, C Robbins, AH Silverman, DN McKenna, R 学生物化学拱Biophys 516:97 - 102 inferred from electronic annotation EVIDENCE CODE ECO:0000203 LEFT-TO-RIGHT 4.2.1.1 碳酸anhydrase dehydrates bicarbonate (cytosol) This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species.

The inference is based on the homology mapping from PANTHER. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation.

More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on PANTHER see also: http://www.pantherdb.org/about.jsp ACTIVATION 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782066 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782066 再保险actome R-MMU-1475022 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1475022.1 碳酸anhydrase I (CA1, Khalifah 1971, Simonsson et al. 1982, Ren and Lindskog 1992), carbonic anyhydrase II (CA2, Tibell et al. 1984, Jones and Shaw 1983, Pesando 1975, Ghannam et al. 1986), carbonic anhydrase III (CA3, Carter et al. 1979, Tu et al. 1990, Tu et al. 1994, Tu et al. 1998, Silverman et al. 1993), carbonic anhydrase VII (CA7, Bootorabi et al. 2010, Gitto et al. 2010) dehydrate cytosolic bicarbonate to yield water and carbon dioxide (reviewed in Lindskog 1997). Depending on the concentrations of reactants the reaction is reversible.
CA2 and CA7 have high catalytic activity, CA1 has low activity (10% of the activity of CA2), and CA3 has very low activity (1% of the activity of CA2). CA1 and CA2 are found in erythrocytes. CA2 is also found in kidney, lung, and white muscle where it facilitates diffusion of carbon dioxide. CA3 is found in red muscle where it participates in resistance against oxidative stress. LEFT-TO-RIGHT 4.2.1.1 碳酸anhydrase hydrates carbon dioxide (plasma membrane) This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species.

The inference is based on the homology mapping from PANTHER. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation.

More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on PANTHER see also: http://www.pantherdb.org/about.jsp CO2 carbon dioxide 再保险actome DB_ID: 1237009 extracellular region GENE ONTOLOGY GO:0005576 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 1237009 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=1237009 再保险actome R-ALL-1237009 3 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-ALL-1237009.3 COMPOUND C00011 H2O water 再保险actome DB_ID: 109276 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 109276 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=109276 再保险actome R-ALL-109276 4 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-ALL-109276.4 COMPOUND C00001 H+ hydron 再保险actome DB_ID: 351626 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 351626 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=351626 再保险actome R-ALL-351626 4 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-ALL-351626.4 COMPOUND C00080 HCO3- bicarbonate hydrogencarbonate acid carbonate 再保险actome DB_ID: 425425 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 425425 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=425425 再保险actome R-ALL-425425 3 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-ALL-425425.3 COMPOUND C00288 ACTIVATION Converted from EntitySet in Reactome CA4,9,14,12:Zn2+ Extracellular Carbonic Anhydrase 再保险actome DB_ID: 9782028 CA4:Zn2+ 再保险actome DB_ID: 9778224 plasma membrane GENE ONTOLOGY GO:0005886 Zn2+ Zn++ zinc(2+) zinc Zn(II) 再保险actome DB_ID: 109265 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 109265 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=109265 再保险actome R-ALL-109265 3 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-ALL-109265.3 COMPOUND C00038 1 Ca4 N-seryl-glycosylphosphatidylinositolethanolamine-CA4 Q64444 再保险actome DB_ID: 9778222 UniProt:Q64444 Ca4 UniProt Q64444 284 EQUAL N-seryl-glycosylphosphatidylinositolethanolamine MOD MOD:00171 19 EQUAL 284 EQUAL 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9778222 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9778222 再保险actome R-MMU-1237024 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1237024.1 1 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9778224 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9778224 再保险actome R-MMU-1237308 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1237308.1 CA9:Zn2+ 再保险actome DB_ID: 9782012 1 Ca9 CA9 Q8VHB5 再保险actome DB_ID: 9782010 UniProt:Q8VHB5 Ca9 UniProt Q8VHB5 38 EQUAL 459 EQUAL 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782010 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782010 再保险actome R-MMU-1235065 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1235065.1 1 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782012 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782012 再保险actome R-MMU-1237323 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1237323.1 CA14:Zn2+ 再保险actome DB_ID: 9782018 1 Ca14 CA14 Q9WVT6 再保险actome DB_ID: 9782016 UniProt:Q9WVT6 Ca14 UniProt Q9WVT6 16 EQUAL 337 EQUAL 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782016 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782016 再保险actome R-MMU-1237018 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1237018.1 1 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782018 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782018 再保险actome R-MMU-1237324 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1237324.1 CA12:Zn2+ dimer 再保险actome DB_ID: 9782026 CA12:Zinc 再保险actome DB_ID: 9782024 Ca12 CA12 Q8CI85 再保险actome DB_ID: 9782022 UniProt:Q8CI85 Ca12 UniProt Q8CI85 25 EQUAL 354 EQUAL 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782022 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782022 再保险actome R-MMU-1237032 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1237032.1 1 1 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782024 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782024 再保险actome R-MMU-1237311 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1237311.1 2 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782026 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782026 再保险actome R-MMU-1237535 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1237535.1 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782028 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782028 再保险actome R-MMU-1475027 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1475027.1 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782029 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782029 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782068 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782068 再保险actome R-MMU-1475025 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1475025.1 碳酸酐酶IV (Okuy CA4,朱镕基和狡猾的1990年ama et al. 1992, Baird et al. 1997, Innocenti et al. 2004), carbonic anhydrase IX (CA9, Wingo et al. 2001, Hilvo et al. 2008), carbonic anhydrase XII (CA12, Ulmasov et al. 2000, Pastorekova et al. 2008), and carbonic anhydrase XIV (CA14Ozensoy et al. 2005, Temperini et al. 2008) are membrane-bound enzymes that hydrate extracellular carbon dioxide to yield bicarbonate and a proton.Carbonic anhydrase deprotonates water to yield a zinc-hydroxyl group and a proton which is transferred to external buffer molecules via histidine or glutamate residues in carbonic anhydrase. The hydroxyl group reacts with carbon dioxide in the active site to yield bicarbonate. A water molecule displaces the bicarbonate and the reaction cycle begins again (reviewed in Lindskog 1997). Depending on the concentrations of reactants the reaction is reversible.
CA4 has high catalytic activity. CA9, CA12, and CA14 have moderate activity. CA4 is anchored to the extracellular face of the plasma membrane by glycosylphosphatidylinositol. CA9, CA12, and CA14 are single-pass transmembrane proteins. CA4 is found on the extracellular face of capillaries in kidney, lung, and muscle where it maintains the gradient of carbon dioxide between tissue and blood. CA9 and CA12 are found on basolateral membranes of epithelia. CA9 is inducible by Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1alpha) and acidifies the extracellular environment of tumors. In rodents CA15 is membrane anchored and has low activity; in primates CA15 is a pseudogene. 18703501 Pubmed 2008 Biochemical characterization of CA IX, one of the most active carbonic anhydrase isozymes Hilvo, M Baranauskiene, L Salzano, AM Scaloni, A Matulis, D Innocenti, A Scozzafava, A Monti, SM Di Fiore, A De Simone, G Lindfors, M Jänis, J Valjakka, J Pastoreková, S Pastorek, J Kulomaa, MS Nordlund, HR Supuran, CT Parkkila, S J Biol Chem 283:27799-809 18294854 Pubmed 2008 碳酸anhydrase activators: activation of the human tumor-associated isozymes IX and XII with amino acids and amines Pastorekova, S Vullo, D Nishimori, I Scozzafava, A Pastorek, J Supuran, CT Bioorg Med Chem 16:3530-6 7625839 Pubmed 1995 碳酸酐酶IV:删除C-termin的角色al domain in glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchoring and realization of enzyme activity Okuyama, T Waheed, A Kusumoto, W Zhu, XL Sly, William S Arch Biochem Biophys 320:315-22 18162396 Pubmed 2008 碳酸酐酶抑制剂。Interaction of 2-N,N-dimethylamino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-5-methanesulfonamide with 12 mammalian isoforms: kinetic and X-ray crystallographic studies Temperini, C Cecchi, A Boyle, NA Scozzafava, A Cabeza, JE Wentworth P, Jr Blackburn, GM Supuran, CT Bioorg Med Chem Lett 18:999-1005 11676494 Pubmed 2001 The catalytic properties of human carbonic anhydrase IX Wingo, T Tu, C Laipis, PJ Silverman, DN Biochem Biophys Res Commun 288:666-9 9054574 Pubmed 1997 Catalysis and inhibition of human carbonic anhydrase IV Baird TT, Jr Waheed, A Okuyama, T Sly, William S Fierke, CA Biochemistry 36:2669-78 11121027 Pubmed 2000 Purification and kinetic analysis of recombinant CA XII, a membrane carbonic anhydrase overexpressed in certain cancers Ulmasov, B Waheed, A Shah, GN Grubb, JH Sly, William S Tu, C Silverman, DN Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97:14212-7 15501038 Pubmed 2004 碳酸anhydrase inhibitors: inhibition of the membrane-bound human isozyme IV with anions Innocenti, A Firnges, MA Antel, J Wurl, M Scozzafava, A Supuran, CT Bioorg Med Chem Lett 14:5769-73 2111324 Pubmed 1990 碳酸anhydrase IV from human lung. Purification, characterization, and comparison with membrane carbonic anhydrase from human kidney Zhu, XL Sly, William S J Biol Chem 265:8795-801 16006130 Pubmed 2005 碳酸anhydrase inhibitors: inhibition of the human transmembrane isozyme XIV with a library of aromatic/heterocyclic sulfonamides Ozensoy, O Nishimori, I Vullo, D Puccetti, L Scozzafava, A Supuran, CT Bioorg Med Chem 13:6089-93 LEFT-TO-RIGHT 4.2.1.1 碳酸anhydrase dehydrates bicarbonate (plasma membrane) This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species.

The inference is based on the homology mapping from PANTHER. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation.

More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on PANTHER see also: http://www.pantherdb.org/about.jsp ACTIVATION 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782031 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782031 再保险actome R-MMU-1475017 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1475017.1 碳酸酐酶IV (Okuy CA4,朱镕基和狡猾的1990年ama et al. 1992, Baird et al. 1997, Innocenti et al. 2004), carbonic anhydrase IX (CA9, Wingo et al. 2001, Hilvo et al. 2008), carbonic anhydrase XII (CA12, Ulmasov et al. 2000, Pastorekova et al. 2008), and carbonic anhydrase XIV (CA14, Ozensoy et al. 2005, Temperini et al. 2008) are membrane-bound enzymes that dehydrate bicarbonate to yield water and carbon dioxide. Depending on the concentrations of reactants the reaction is reversible.
CA4 has high catalytic activity. CA9, CA12, and CA14 have moderate activity. CA4 is anchored to the extracellular face of the plasma membrane by glycosylphosphatidylinositol. CA9, CA12, and CA14 are single-pass transmembrane proteins. CA4 is found on the extracellular face of capillaries in kidney, lung, and muscle where it maintains the gradient of carbon dioxide between tissue and blood. CA9 and CA12 are found on basolateral membranes of epithelia. CA9 is inducible by Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1alpha) and acidifies the extracellular environment of tumors. In rodents CA15 is membrane anchored and has low activity; in primates CA15 is a pseudogene. LEFT-TO-RIGHT 4.2.1.1 碳酸anhydrase hydrates carbon dioxide (mitochondria) This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species.

The inference is based on the homology mapping from PANTHER. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation.

More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on PANTHER see also: http://www.pantherdb.org/about.jsp H2O water 再保险actome DB_ID: 113521 mitochondrial matrix GENE ONTOLOGY GO:0005759 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 113521 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=113521 再保险actome R-ALL-113521 3 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-ALL-113521.3 COMPOUND C00001 CO2 carbon dioxide 再保险actome DB_ID: 29376 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 29376 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=29376 再保险actome R-ALL-29376 3 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-ALL-29376.3 COMPOUND C00011 H+ hydron 再保险actome DB_ID: 113529 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 113529 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=113529 再保险actome R-ALL-113529 4 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-ALL-113529.4 COMPOUND C00080 HCO3- Bicarbonate hydrogencarbonate Acid carbonate 再保险actome DB_ID: 29896 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 29896 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=29896 再保险actome R-ALL-29896 3 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-ALL-29896.3 COMPOUND C00288 ACTIVATION Converted from EntitySet in Reactome CA5A,B:Zinc Mitochondrial Carbonic Anhydrase 再保险actome DB_ID: 9782084 CA5A:Zinc 再保险actome DB_ID: 9782076 Ca5a CA5A P23589 再保险actome DB_ID: 9782074 UniProt:P23589 Ca5a UniProt P23589 39 EQUAL 305 EQUAL 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782074 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782074 再保险actome R-MMU-1237028 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1237028.1 1 Zn2+ Zn++ zinc(2+) Zinc ion Zn(II) 再保险actome DB_ID: 880067 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 880067 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=880067 再保险actome R-ALL-880067 3 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-ALL-880067.3 COMPOUND C00038 1 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782076 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782076 再保险actome R-MMU-1237314 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1237314.1 CA5B:Zinc 再保险actome DB_ID: 9782082 1 Ca5b CA5B Q9QZA0 再保险actome DB_ID: 9782080 UniProt:Q9QZA0 Ca5b UniProt Q9QZA0 34 EQUAL 317 EQUAL 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782080 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782080 再保险actome R-MMU-1237023 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1237023.1 1 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782082 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782082 再保险actome R-MMU-1237319 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1237319.1 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782084 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782084 再保险actome R-MMU-1475016 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1475016.1 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782085 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782085 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782089 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782089 再保险actome R-MMU-1475032 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1475032.1 碳酸anhydrase VA (CA5A, Nagao et al. 1993, Franchi et al. 2003, Nishimori et al. 2007) and carbonic anhydrase VB (CA5B, Fujikawa-Adachi et al. 1999, Nishimori et al. 2005, Nishimori et al. 2007) hydrate carbon dioxide in mitochondria to yield bicarbonate and a proton. Carbonic anhydrase deprotonates water to yield a zinc-hydroxyl group and a proton which is transferred to external buffer molecules via histidine or glutamate residues in carbonic anhydrase. The hydroxyl group reacts with carbon dioxide in the active site to yield bicarbonate. A water molecule displaces the bicarbonate and the reaction cycle begins again (reviewed in Lindskog 1997). Depending on the concentrations of reactants the reaction is reversible. 10409679 Pubmed 1999 Human mitochondrial carbonic anhydrase VB. cDNA cloning, mRNA expression, subcellular localization, and mapping to chromosome x Fujikawa-Adachi, K Nishimori, I Taguchi, T Onishi, S J Biol Chem 274:21228-33 14611844 Pubmed 2003 碳酸anhydrase inhibitors: inhibition of human and murine mitochondrial isozymes V with anions Franchi, M Vullo, D Gallori, E Antel, J Wurl, M Scozzafava, A Supuran, CT Bioorg Med Chem Lett 13:2857-61 16302824 Pubmed 2005 碳酸酐酶抑制剂。The mitochondrial isozyme VB as a new target for sulfonamide and sulfamate inhibitors Nishimori, I Vullo, D Innocenti, A Scozzafava, A Mastrolorenzo, A Supuran, CT J Med Chem 48:7860-6 8356065 Pubmed 1993 Human mitochondrial carbonic anhydrase: cDNA cloning, expression, subcellular localization, and mapping to chromosome 16 Nagao, Y Platero, JS Waheed, A Sly, William S Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 90:7623-7 17761422 Pubmed 2007 碳酸anhydrase inhibitors: the inhibition profiles of the human mitochondrial isoforms VA and VB with anions are very different Nishimori, I Innocenti, A Vullo, D Scozzafava, A Supuran, CT Bioorg Med Chem 15:6742-7 LEFT-TO-RIGHT 4.2.1.1 碳酸anhydrase dehydrates bicarbonate (mitochondria) This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species.

The inference is based on the homology mapping from PANTHER. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation.

More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on PANTHER see also: http://www.pantherdb.org/about.jsp ACTIVATION 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9782087 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9782087 再保险actome R-MMU-1475028 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1475028.1 碳酸anhydrase VA (CA5A, Nagao et al. 1993, Franchi et al. 2003, Nishimori et al. 2007) and carbonic anhydrase VB (CA5B, Fujikawa-Adachi et al. 1999, Nishimori et al. 2005, Nishimori et al. 2007) dehydrate bicarbonate in mitochondria to yield water and carbon dioxide (reviewed in Lindskog 1997). Depending on the concentrations of reactants the reaction is reversible. LEFT-TO-RIGHT 4.2.1.1 H2O + CO2 -> H+ + HCO3- 碳酸Anhydrase VI hydrates carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and a proton This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species.

The inference is based on the homology mapping from PANTHER. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation.

More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on PANTHER see also: http://www.pantherdb.org/about.jsp ACTIVATION CA6:Zinc 再保险actome DB_ID: 9778214 Ca6 CA6 P18761 再保险actome DB_ID: 9778212 UniProt:P18761 Ca6 UniProt P18761 18 EQUAL 308 EQUAL 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9778212 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9778212 再保险actome R-MMU-1237016 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1237016.1 1 Zn2+ Zn++ zinc(2+) Zinc ion Zn(II) Reactome DB_ID: 158417 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 158417 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=158417 再保险actome R-ALL-158417 3 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-ALL-158417.3 COMPOUND C00038 1 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9778214 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9778214 再保险actome R-MMU-1237316 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1237316.1 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9778215 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9778215 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9778217 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9778217 再保险actome R-MMU-1237045 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1237045.1 碳酸anhydrase VI (CA6) hydrates carbon dioxide to yield bicarbonate and a proton (Thatcher et al. 1998, Nishimori et al. 2007).Carbonic anhydrase deprotonates water to yield a zinc-hydroxyl group and a proton which is transferred to external buffer molecules via histidine or glutamate residues in carbonic anhydrase. The hydroxyl group reacts with carbon dioxide in the active site to yield bicarbonate. A water molecule displaces the bicarbonate and the reaction cycle begins again (reviewed in Lindskog 1997). Depending on the concentrations of reactants the reaction is reversible. CA6 is a major protein of saliva and is also known as gustin. 9784398 Pubmed 1998 Gustin from human parotid saliva is carbonic anhydrase VI Thatcher, BJ Doherty, AE Orvisky, E Martin, BM Henkin, RI Biochem Biophys Res Commun 250:635-41 17228881 Pubmed 2007 碳酸酐酶抑制剂。DNA cloning, characterization, and inhibition studies of the human secretory isoform VI, a new target for sulfonamide and sulfamate inhibitors Nishimori, I Minakuchi, T Onishi, S Vullo, D Scozzafava, A Supuran, CT J Med Chem 50:381-8 17499996 Pubmed 2007 碳酸anhydrase activators: the first activation study of the human secretory isoform VI with amino acids and amines Nishimori, I Onishi, S Vullo, D Innocenti, A Scozzafava, A Supuran, CT Bioorg Med Chem 15:5351-7 LEFT-TO-RIGHT 4.2.1.1 H+ + HCO3- -> H2O + CO2 碳酸anhydrase VI dehydrates bicarbonate to water and carbon dioxide This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species.

The inference is based on the homology mapping from PANTHER. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation.

More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on PANTHER see also: http://www.pantherdb.org/about.jsp ACTIVATION 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9778234 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9778234 再保险actome R-MMU-1237081 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1237081.1 碳酸anhydrase VI (CA6) dehydrates bicarbonate to yield water and carbon dioxide (Thatcher et al. 1998, Nishimori et al. 2007). Depending on the concentrations of reactants the reaction is reversible. CA6 is a major protein of saliva and is also known as gustin. 再保险actome Database ID Release 77 9843337 数据库标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9843337 再保险actome R-MMU-1475029 1 Reactome稳定的标识符。使用这个URL连接到the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-MMU-1475029.1 GENE ONTOLOGY GO:0015701 gene ontology term for cellular process MI MI:0359 碳酸脱水酶可逆催化hydration of carbon dioxide and directly produce bicarbonate and protons, bypassing the formation of carbonic acid (reviewed in Lindskog 1997, Breton 2001, Esbaugh and Tufts 2006, Boron 2010, Gilmour 2010). Carbonic anhydrase deprotonates water to yield a zinc-hydroxyl group and a proton which is transferred to external buffer molecules via histidine or glutamate residues in carbonic anhydrase. The hydroxyl group reacts with carbon dioxide in the active site to yield bicarbonate. A water molecule displaces the bicarbonate and the reaction cycle begins again. There are currently 12 known active carbonic anhydrases in humans. 16679072 Pubmed 2006 The structure and function of carbonic anhydrase isozymes in the respiratory system of vertebrates Esbaugh, AJ Tufts, BL 再保险spir Physiol Neurobiol 154:185-98 11875253 Pubmed 2001 The cellular physiology of carbonic anhydrases Breton, S JOP 2:159-64 20541618 Pubmed 2010 Perspectives on carbonic anhydrase Gilmour, KM Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 157:193-7 19879980 Pubmed 2010 Evaluating the role of carbonic anhydrases in the transport of HCO3--related species Boron, WF Biochim Biophys Acta 1804:410-21