BioPAX pathway converted from "GOT2 dimer transfers amino group from L-Cys to 2OG to form 3MPYR and Glu" in the Reactome database. LEFT-TO-RIGHT 2.6.1.3 GOT2 dimer transfers amino group from L-Cys to 2OG to form 3MPYR and Glu Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) produced endogenously has been established as the third gaseous signaling molecule, a smooth muscle relaxant and a neuroprotectant (Kimura 2011a, 2011b). Three human enzyme systems produce H2S in the brain, retina and vascular endothelial cells. 3-mercaptopyruvate sulphurtransferase (MPST, aka 3MST) in conjunction with cysteine (aspartate) aminotransferase (CAT, aka GOT2) is decribed here. The first step is the reversible transamination between L-cysteine (L-Cys) and 2-oxoglutarate (2OG, aka alpha-ketoglutarate) to form 3-methylpyruvate (3MPYR) and glutamate (Glu) catalysed by GOT2. Two forms of human aspartate aminotransferase (GOT) enzymes exist; cytosolic (GOT1) and mitochondrial (GOT2). Both are dimeric proteins requiring pyridoxal phosphate for activity. Human GOT2 (Zhou et al. 1998) possesses the same catalytic activity as its rat counterpart (Ubuka et al. 1978). Authored: Jassal, Bijay, 2017-07-17 Reviewed: Kimura, Hideo, 2018-01-11 编辑:Jassal Bijay, 2017-07-17 2OG 2-Oxoglutarate 2-oxoglutaric acid Oxoglutaric acid 2-Ketoglutaric acid alpha-Ketoglutaric acid 2-oxoglutarate(2-) Reactome DB_ID: 113594 mitochondrial matrix GENE ONTOLOGY GO:0005759 2-oxoglutarate(2-) [ChEBI:16810] 2-oxoglutarate(2-) 2-ketoglutarate alpha-ketoglutarate 2-oxopentanedioic acid, ion(2-) 2-oxoglutarate ChEBI CHEBI:16810 Reactome Database ID Release 77 113594 Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=113594 Reactome R-ALL-113594 4 Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-ALL-113594.4 Reactome //www.joaskin.com COMPOUND C00026 additional information MI 小姐:0361 L-Cys L-2-amino-3-mercaptopropionic acid L-cysteine zwitterion L-cysteine Reactome DB_ID: 379721 L-cysteine zwitterion [ChEBI:35235] L-cysteine zwitterion C3H7NO2S (2R)-2-ammonio-3-sulfanylpropanoate 121.15922 [NH3+][C@@H](CS)C([O-])=O L-cysteine InChI=1S/C3H7NO2S/c4-2(1-7)3(5)6/h2,7H,1,4H2,(H,5,6)/t2-/m0/s1 (2R)-2-ammonio-3-mercaptopropanoate XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N ChEBI CHEBI:35235 Reactome Database ID Release 77 379721 Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=379721 Reactome R-ALL-379721 4 Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-ALL-379721.4 COMPOUND C00097 3MPYR 3-mercaptopyruvate 3-mercaptopyruvic acid Reactome DB_ID: 9012592 3-mercaptopyruvic acid [ChEBI:16208] 3-mercaptopyruvic acid ChEBI CHEBI:16208 Reactome Database ID Release 77 9012592 Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9012592 Reactome R-ALL-9012592 3 Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-ALL-9012592.3 Glu L-Glu L-glutamate(1-) L-glutamic acid L-Glutamate L-Glutaminic acid Reactome DB_ID: 113552 L-glutamate(1-) [ChEBI:29985] L-glutamate(1-) L-glutamic acid, ion(1-) [NH3+][C@@H](CCC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-M C5H8NO4 146.12136 (2S)-2-ammoniopentanedioate hydrogen L-glutamate L-glutamate L-glutamic acid monoanion InChI=1S/C5H9NO4/c6-3(5(9)10)1-2-4(7)8/h3H,1-2,6H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)/p-1/t3-/m0/s1 ChEBI CHEBI:29985 Reactome Database ID Release 77 113552 Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=113552 Reactome R-ALL-113552 5 Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-ALL-113552.5 COMPOUND C00025 ACTIVATION GOT2 dimer aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial, holoenzyme Reactome DB_ID: 70594 GOT2 PXLP-K279-GOT2 aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial, apoenzyme monomer glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase-2 Aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial precursor Transaminase A Reactome DB_ID: 9608413 UniProt:P00505 GOT2 GOT2 KYAT4 催化功能不可逆的转氨作用of the L-tryptophan metabolite L-kynurenine to form kynurenic acid (KA). As a member of the malate-aspartate shuttle, it has a key role in the intracellular NAD(H) redox balance. Is important for metabolite exchange between mitochondria and cytosol, and for amino acid metabolism. Facilitates cellular uptake of long-chain free fatty acids.SUBUNIT Homodimer.INDUCTION Up-regulated by long-time exposure to alcohol.MISCELLANEOUS In eukaryotes there are cytoplasmic, mitochondrial and chloroplastic isozymes.SIMILARITY Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. Homo sapiens NCBI Taxonomy 9606 UniProt P00505 279 EQUAL N6-pyridoxal phosphate-L-lysine MOD MOD:00128 30 EQUAL 430 EQUAL Reactome Database ID Release 77 9608413 Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9608413 Reactome R-HSA-9608413 2 Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-9608413.2 2 Reactome Database ID Release 77 70594 Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=70594 Reactome R-HSA-70594 2 Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-70594.2 GENE ONTOLOGY GO:0047801 gene ontology term for cellular function MI MI:0355 Same Catalyst Activity Reactome Database ID Release 77 9012605 Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9012605 Reactome Database ID Release 77 9012597 Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=9012597 Reactome R-HSA-9012597 1 Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: //www.joaskin.com/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=R-HSA-9012597.1 9537447 Pubmed 1998 Ethanol up-regulates fatty acid uptake and plasma membrane expression and export of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase in HepG2 cells Zhou, S L Gordon, R E Bradbury, M Stump, D Kiang, C L Berk, P D Hepatology 27:1064-74 20191298 Pubmed 2011 Hydrogen sulfide: its production, release and functions Kimura, Hideo Amino Acids 41:113-21 754189 Pubmed 1978 Purification and characterization of mitochondrial cysteine aminotransferase from rat liver Ubuka, T Umemura, S Yuasa, S Kinuta, M Watanabe, K Physiol. Chem. Phys. 10:483-500 21527544 Pubmed 2011 Hydrogen sulfide: its production and functions Kimura, Hideo Exp. Physiol. 96:833-5